heart disease

[Maha]

as we know that heart is a very imprtant part in the body and its the center of the humans feelling......its made of very complecated muscles which keep pumping blood round the body by two different arteries left side and right side....... left artery pumps fresh blood which is full of oxygen to the right side lung and the right side artery pumps blood with less oxygen in it to the left side lung to pick up fresh oxygen from the lung and pump it to the heart ..... and by this way the blood will be pumped all round the body ......
and now a days heart disease is a very common disease in the world ..... there r lots of symptoms of this awfull disease ..... and know do any one here fancy discussing with about this disease?



http://www.bhf.org.uk/hearthealth/uploaded/valvular-heart.jpg






:D :D :D :D :D

[Thug4Life]

its a very intresting topic..I shall talk about it in the comming few days inshallah....But meanwhile...any one knows about it???

[Neena]

Anyway talk about Heart Diseases... you would be very surprised to know that there are different types of hearts diseases that we could face ... but maybe we should go on talking about the very common ones :

I will start up with "Heart Attacks" as thats the most common we would see in oman .

What is a heart attack?

A heart attack (also called a myocardial infarction) is the death of part of the heart muscle due to its sudden loss of blood supply. Typically, the loss of blood supply is caused by a complete blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot. A coronary artery is an artery that supplies blood (along with essential nutrients) to the heart muscle.

What causes a heart attack?

A heart attack is caused by the formation of a blood clot on a cholesterol plaque located on the inner wall of an artery to the heart (coronary artery). Cholesterol is a fatty chemical which is part of the outer lining of cells in the body. Cholesterol plaque is the formation of a hard, thick substance within the artery walls which is caused by deposits of cholesterol in the artery walls; a process that begins in the late teens. Over time, the accumulation of cholesterol plaque causes thickening of the artery walls and narrowing of the arteries; a process called atherosclerosis. Plaque accumulation can be accelerated by smoking, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, and diabetes. Ultimately, atherosclerosis causes significant narrowing of the coronary arteries. During exercise or excitement, the narrowed coronary arteries cannot increase the blood supply to meet the increased oxygen demand of the heart muscle. When the heart muscle is thus deprived of blood oxygen, a condition called ischemia results; ischemia may be associated with chest pain (angina pectoris). Typically, angina occurs with exertion, and subsides with rest. When the narrowing in the artery becomes critical, angina at rest or “unstable” angina may result. Unstable angina can be the harbinger of a heart attack in the near future.

http://www.focusonheart.com/images/ABHEART.GIF

What are the symptoms of a heart attack?

Chest pain or pressure is a common symptom of heart attack. Cardiac chest pain is often vague, or dull, and may be described as a pressure or band-like sensation, squeezing, heaviness, or other discomfort. Heart attacks frequently occur from 4:00 A.M. to 10:00 A.M. due to higher adrenaline amounts released from the adrenal glands during the morning hours. Increased adrenaline in the bloodstream can contribute to the above mentioned plaque rupture. Interestingly, heart attacks do not usually happen during exercise, although exercise is commonly associated with exertional angina.

Heart attack victims may complain of:

chest pressure
sweating
jaw pain
heartburn and/or indigestion
arm pain (more commonly the left arm, but may be either)
upper back pain
general malaise (vague feeling of illness)
nausea
shortness of breath

How is a heart attack diagnosed?

The initial diagnosis of a heart attack is made by a combination of clinical symptoms and characteristic electrocardiogram (EKG) changes. An EKG is a recording of the electrical activity of the heart, and can detect areas of ischemic heart muscle (muscle which is deprived of oxygen) and/or dead tissue in the heart. However, confirmation of a heart attack can only be made hours later through detection of elevated cardiac enzymes in the blood. Cardiac enzymes are muscle proteins which are released into the blood circulation by dying heart muscles when their surrounding membranes dissolve. Such enzymes include creatine kinase (CK), special subforms of CK, and troponin.

There are so many things that you could learn from "a Heart attack" what i have mentioned there are just the VERY important part of a heart attack. However ... Maybe some other members could answer the following questions.

What are the treatment options for a heart attack?

How does a patient recover from a heart attack?

How can I prevent a second heart attack?

What is in the future for heart attack sufferers?

Got the information from the following sites"

http://www.heart-attack-prevention.net/
http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/3049/human.htm
http://www.focusonheart.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=379&rd=1

[Thug4Life]

wellwhat u wrote above is great....thanx neena!...well lemme put my Input here :D
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Heart diseases r many and we shall start with MI (mycardial Infarction) cause its common and important....other conditions I shall discuss about later!.

risk factors and associations to develop MI (heart attack):

=Being a Male
=Genetic influence (some heridatry component but i think its not clear yet
= High blood pressure (hypertensive)
= Smoking
= High Lipids
= Stress.

Mortality:
they say that 50% of deaths occure within 2 hours after the Attack...so we should act fast!
Now will go to the managment!


Symptomes :
well as noted above by NEENA but lemme stress here on 2 points:
the angina or pain lasts usualy more than 30 Minitues
and another important point here is that the attack might be symptomless (asymptomatic) due to a Diabetic Person!...

Inestigations: :
as was noted above..some call the EKG as ECG (electro cardio graphy)!

[Thug4Life]

this can be divided into immediate managment and subsequent stable case managment!
===================
Immediate managment: :

=O2 high flow.
=Morphine and anti emetic (for the nausia and vomiting (eg. metaclopromide)
= Aspirin. (anti platlets)
= Glyceryl trinitrates.( to cause coronary vasodilation)
= Thrombolysis...(but have to be careful of the contraindications...wont talk about it here) heparin
= ACE inhibitor like ramipril. they say it descreas mortality rates
= 24 hours bed rest and monitoring

other choice is surgery with angiography

what u noticed is that the above is the immediate managment in a hospital setting!
====
stable case managment:
if the patient condition is stable he can go home within 1 week..
but he got to modify his life....avoid modified risk factors like smoking...fatty food...weight....heavy worka nd stress...etc
frequent visits to the clinic with regular check ups
eat medications: aspirin....B blockers..and statins (anti lipid)..
according to lipid levels and as well according to the complications of MI ACE inhibitor can be added.....
==========================

[Thug4Life]

any one can write about the complications of heart attack or (M I )

[Maha]

well thats fantastic .... well orgnised both of u Neena and Tug4life ......
however about the myocardial infarction......

there r approximatly one million patients in USA suffer an acute myocardial infarction each year.....in an acute myocardial infarction a severe and prolonged restriction to blood flow in the coronary artery leads to reduced o2 delivery to the heart tissue and a subsequent cascade of inflammatory reactions resulting death or which is called infarction of heart tissue.....
the ability to the restore blood flow via thromblysis, and acute coronary angioplasty has lead to a significant number of patients that suffer from an additional inflammatory reaction termed 'reperfusion injury '... and this is cused by a successful restoration of blood flow to the previously ischemic heart muscle ,which results in additional cardiac inflammation and tissue damage



Complement Activated in Heart Attack Patients

There is a growing body of evidence pointing to a substantial disease-promoting role of complement inflammatory proteins in myocardial infarction (MI). Activation of the complement cascade in MI patients is evidenced by elevated levels of activated complement byproducts in patients' blood during acute myocardial infarction and the deposition of activated complement components specifically in patients' damaged heart tissue. The important role of complement activation in MI has been further highlighted by studies in primates demonstrating that inhibition of complement activation reduces heart damage. Alexion has commenced two phase 2 efficacy trials in Myocardial infarction patients.


for farther infromation about the acute myocardial infarction please see the American Heart Association web page at

http://www.americanheart.org/.

[Thug4Life]

The complications of Myocardial Infarction (M I) can be :

= Arrhythmias...(irregular heart beatings)..we will talk about this later

= Heart Failure

= Shock

= Hypertension and its subsequent complications.

= Pericarditis..(inflamation of the heart covering)

= Embolization (and lodge of the emboili to the lung or brain)

= Papilarry Muscle rupture..(internal heart muscles)

= Cardiuac or heart rupture itself

= something called left ventricular anyurism.....
====
If any one has any additional info ...plzz do add...about Heart attack...other wise we shall go to another heart condition!

[barbarian]

ooh nice topic....... i will try to search some infromation about it ........;)

[Maha]

cholestrol can also brings heart disease.....as :

- High blood cholesterol is one of the risk factors for heart disease that a person can do something about. High blood pressure, cigarette smoking, diabetes, overweight, and physical inactivity are the others.
- Eating less fat, especially saturated fat, and cholesterol can lower your blood cholesterol level. Generally your blood cholesterol level should begin to drop a few weeks after you start on a cholesterol-lowering diet. How much your level drops depends on the amounts of saturated fat and cholesterol you used to eat, how high your blood cholesterol is, how much weight you lose if you are overweight, and how your body responds to the changes you make. Over time, you may reduce your blood cholesterol level by 10-50 mg/dL or even more.
- True. Saturated fats raise your blood cholesterol level more than anything else. So, the best way to reduce your cholesterol level is to cut back on the amount of saturated fats that you eat. These fats are found in largest amounts in animal products such as butter, cheese, whole milk, ice cream, cream, and fatty meats. They are also found in some vegetable oils--coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.
- People who have had one heart attack are at much higher risk for a second attack. Reducing blood cholesterol levels can greatly slow down (and, in some people, even reverse) the buildup of cholesterol and fat in the wall of the coronary arteries and significantly reduce the chances of a second heart attack. If you have had a heart attack or have coronary heart disease, your LDL level should be around 100 mg/dL which is even lower than the recommended level of less than 130 mg/dL for the general population.
- Food labels have been changed. Look on the nutrition label for the amount of saturated fat, total fat, cholesterol, and total calories in a serving of the product. Use this information to compare similar products. Also, look for the list of ingredients. Here, the ingredient in the greatest amount is first and the ingredient in the least amount is last. So to choose foods low in saturated fat or total fat, go easy on products that list fats or oil first, or that list many fat and oil ingredients.

[Thug4Life]

Thanx for the Nutritional info u gave!
Yes our Life style affect our health Much...it is we...That cause the harm to our body...
U got to know that the levels of Heart diseases in Oman is on the rise....its called modern life diseases....
same time...the levels of infectious diseases Is going down!
So its not malaria that kills us now or cholera...its more to HEart problems...diabetis...etc etc!

so if no one have any furthur info about Mycardial Infarction we shall Jump to the next heart condition!

[FaHaD]

seem everybody is talking about heart attack.. it is one of theserious problems.. and it has been mentioned that ventricular arrythmia is one of teh complication but nothing mentioned that it is a fatal complication.. it can kills within minutes..
i know someone who had MI , which last about few minutes
. then she is diagnosed unfortunately as heart burn ( stomach acidity) and then after few hour she died bcos of ventricular arrythmia.. ( arrythmia means abnormal hear beating).

check teh following link about another common herat problem in oman which is heart failure (http://www.englishsabla.com/forum/showthread.php?threadid=7925&highlight=heart+failure)